传统高原训练、HiLo训练及间歇性低氧训练之理论比较刍议     

魏高峡  李佑发 《军事体育进修学院学报》2004,23(4):56-58

回顾了高原训练现状，对传统高原训练、HiLo训练及间歇性低氧训练进行了训练方式、训练负荷和生理学基础的理论比较。通过比较发现，间歇性低氧训练和HiLo训练是一种优于传统高原训练的训练方法。最后指出了今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

Hepcidin：低氧训练对机体铁代谢影响的关键调节因子     

杨杰  ;李海洲 《廊坊师范学院学报(自然科学版)》2014,(3):87-90

机体稳定的铁状态是维持生命活动的基本要素.诸多因素影响机体铁代谢,包括：饮食、低氧、运动等,其中低氧对机体铁代谢的影响备受关注.在机体铁代谢这个严密的调节系统中,关键调节因子Hepcidin在低氧影响机体铁稳态中起到了桥梁作用.低氧状态下Hepcidin调节铁代谢的分子机制成为近年来研究的热点.研究发现,低氧诱导因子（hypoxia inducible factor,HIF）/低氧反应元件（hypoxia response element,HRE）系统发挥着重要的作用,同时发现肥胖引起的局部低氧会导致铁代谢的紊乱,与低氧引发的炎症导致Hepcidin水平异常有关.另外发现低氧训练引起机体内氧浓度的变化会通过Hepcidin引起机体铁代谢适应性交化.  相似文献   

模拟高住低练对女子足球运动员运动能力影响的研究     

潘华山 《军事体育进修学院学报》2007,26(3):61-64

模拟高原训练方法之一的低氧屋有其独特的运动训练功能,通过观察用低氧屋间歇性常压低氧居住对女子足球运动员的运动能力的影响,发现：长期间歇性低氧居住可以提高女子足球运动员的运动能力,从一定程度来讲是低氧居住刺激RBC、Hb产生,血液携氧能力增加,最大摄氧量提高所致。  相似文献   

Intermittent hypoxia does not affect endurance performance at moderate altitude in well-trained athletes     

Martin Faulhaber  Hannes Gatterer  Thomas Haider  Carson Patterson  Martin Burtscher 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):513-519

Abstract

In this study, we examined the effects of a pre-acclimatization programme on endurance performance at moderate altitude using a resting intermittent hypoxia protocol. The time-trial performance of 11 cyclists was determined at low altitude (600 m). Athletes were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to the hypoxia or the control group. The pre-acclimatization programme consisted of seven sessions each lasting 1 h in normobaric hypoxia (inspired fraction of oxygen of 12.5%, equivalent to approximately 4500 m) for the hypoxia group (n = 6) and in normoxia (inspired fraction of oxygen of 20.9%) for the control group (n = 5). The time-trials were repeated at moderate altitude (1970 m). Mean power output during the time-trial at moderate altitude was decreased in the hypoxia group (?0.26 ± 0.11 W · kg^?1) and in the control group (?0.13 ± 0.04 W · kg^?1) compared with at low altitude but did not differ between groups (P = 0.13). Our results suggest that the applied protocol of intermittent hypoxia had no positive effect on endurance performance at moderate altitude. Whether different intermittent hypoxia protocols are advantageous remains to be determined.  相似文献   

Changes in running endurance performance following intermittent altitude exposure simulated with tents     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(1):15-24

Abstract

The effect of intermittent hypoxia on sea-level endurance performance was assessed by using hypoxic tents to simulate the live high-train low approach to altitude training. Eleven male sub-elite competitive runners and triathletes participated in a crossover study of usual training (control) and usual training with altitude exposure (altitude). Altitude treatment consisted of 25±3?d (mean±SD) of sleeping in tents for 8.1±0.6?h.d^?1, progressing from a simulated altitude of 2500?m to 3500?m above sea level. Washout period between control and altitude treatments was 4?wk. Three treadmill runs to exhaustion lasting ～2, ～4 and ～8?min were completed 7 and 12?d after control and altitude treatments. Times for standard competition distances (800, 1500 and 3000?m), were predicted using a log-log model, improved by 1.0% (90% confidence limits, ±1.3%), 1.4% (±1.2%) and 1.9% (±1.5%), respectively. Improvements were greater in the six athletes with an I allele for angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE): 2.3% (±1.5%), 2.2% (±1.5%), and 2.1%, (±2.1%), respectively. Effects of simulated altitude on hemoglobin concentration were unclear. Altitude exposure simulated with hypoxic tents is likely to enhance performance substantially in middle-distance endurance running events, especially for individuals with an I allele of the ACE gene.  相似文献   

Effect of environmental feedbacks on pacing strategy and affective load during a self-paced 30 min cycling time trial     

Alexandre Abel  Bertrand Baron  Frédéric Grappe  Marc Francaux 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(3):291-297

The purpose of this study was to analyze the pacing strategy and its affective consequences during self-paced cycling time trials (TT) performed at different severity of hypoxia. Eight competitive cyclists performed five 30 min self-paced TTs at their best performance in the following conditions: 1) normobaric normoxia (NN_SL); 2) normobaric hypoxia under two simulated altitudes: 2000 m (NH₂₀₀₀) and 3500 m (NH₃₅₀₀) and 3) normobaric hypoxia but the cyclists were deceived and thought to be at sea level for 2000 m (DecNH₂₀₀₀) and 3500 m (DecNH₃₅₀₀). Power Output (PO), oxygen uptake (VO₂), and blood lactate concentration ([La]) were recorded to assess exercise intensity and physiological adaptations. The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and pleasure were measured with a CR10 Borg scale to evaluate the affective load (AL). PO and VO₂ decreased with the severity of hypoxia but no significantly difference on performance was measured between deceived and real conditions, except for pacing strategy. The started intensity depends on the exercise expectations, but PO was rapidly adjusted with the physiological constraints and the rate of increase of RPE. Finally, AL did not reach maximal values so that the athletes sustained a physiological and emotional reserve to perform a final spurt.  相似文献   

短期低氧抗阻训练对男子体操运动员有氧、无氧运动能力的影响*     

贾〓钧  王晨宇 《广州体育学院学报》2020,(2):92-96

目的：探讨低氧环境下进行4周循环抗阻训练（CRT）对男子体操运动员有氧、无氧运动能力的影响，为科学化训练提供理论支持。方法：16名男子体操运动员随机分为低氧训练（hypoxia training，HT）组和常氧训练（normoxia training，NT）组，每组n＝8。NT组和HT组受试者分别于常氧和低氧（模拟3000 m高度）环境下进行4周CRT。实验前后利用递增负荷力竭实验（最大摄氧量、最大有氧功率等）测定有氧运动能力，利用运动场测试（300 m全力冲刺记时跑和300 m反复间歇跑测试）与实验室测试（股四头肌最大随意收缩、半蹲跳、下蹲跳和30 s Wingate实验）测定无氧运动能力，静脉取血测定血液学参数。结果：组内与实验前比较，实验后HT组300 m反复间歇跑完成次数、峰值LA含量（LApeak）、股四头肌最大随意收缩（MVC）、半蹲跳（SJ）、下蹲跳（CMJ）、峰值功率（PP）和平均功率（MP）显著性升高（P<0.05），NT组LApeak、MVC、SJ、CMJ、PP和MP升高（P<0.05）；组间与NT组比较，实验后HT组300 m反复间歇跑完成次数、LApeak、MVC、SJ、CMJ、PP和MP升高（P<0.05）。有氧运动能力参数和血液学参数在两组实验前后均无显著性变化（P>0.05）。CRT过程中的平均心率（HRmean）在HT组高于NT组（P<0.05）。结论：低氧环境下进行CRT能够显著改善男子体操运动员无氧运动能力，其机制可能与耐乳酸能力增强有关，但对有氧运动能力无显著影响。  相似文献   

乳酸异常现象的研究进展     

冯冬生  郑选梅  林文弢  翁锡全 《河北体育学院学报》2010,24(4):78-80,92

就乳酸异常产生原因这一目前学界争议较大的问题,对近几年来学者们的研究成果进行综述,主要包括肌纤维募集减少、机体保护作用、生化变化、运动适应现象以及多种疲劳机制等,同时对乳酸异常的存在条件加以归纳。  相似文献   

2006-2010我国高原训练研究现状分析     

王璟  夏培玲 《辽宁体育科技》2012,34(2):27-29

通过CNKI文献数据库所收录的2006-2010年高原训练相关研究文献索引,对我国高原训练研究现状进行科学计量可视化分析,分析显示：高等院校是我国高原训练研究的主力军。关键词共现分析显示,＂血红蛋白＂等生理生化指标以及＂高住低练＂、＂间歇性低氧训练＂等不同低氧训练模式是我国高原训练研究的前沿热点。  相似文献   

高住低训对大鼠骨骼肌myostatin mRNA表达的影响     

贺道远  叶鸣  朱一力  曾凡星 《首都体育学院学报》2012,24(3):280-283,288

为了探讨肌肉质量负调控因子肌肉生长抑制素(myostatin)在低氧和运动调控骨骼肌质量中的作用,将SD大鼠分为常氧对照组、常氧运动组、低氧暴露即刻组、高住低训即刻组、低氧暴露复氧1周组、高住低训复氧1周组。运动方式为跑台运动。采用人工模拟氧浓度13.6%的低氧环境进行间歇性低氧暴露,每天晚上在氧浓度13.6%低氧舱内低氧暴露12h,共4周,实验后取腓肠肌称重,采用RT-PCR方法测定腓肠肌myostatin mRNA的表达。结果表明:1)与常氧对照组比,高住低训即刻组体重显著下降,腓肠肌质量显著下降(P0.05);2)与常氧对照组比,常氧运动组骨骼肌myostatin mRNA表达明显上升(P0.05);3)4周低氧暴露后骨骼肌myostatin mRNA表达明显上升(P0.05),复氧1周后被完全抑制;4)4周高住低训后骨骼肌myostatin mRNA表达明显上升(P0.05),复氧1周后被完全抑制。高住低训后骨骼肌质量丢失,myostatin mRNA表达上升。提示高住低训调节骨骼肌质量可能与运动、低氧调控骨骼肌myostatin水平有关。  相似文献